What is Red Light Therapy?

Science has proven that our bodies interact with specific wavelengths that benefit our bodies in various ways. 

Red light therapy devices, such as light therapy masks shine red and near-infrared light onto the skin, stimulating the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) within the mitochondria. By stimulating ATP, damaged cells heal, and new cells are produced faster than normal. But we’ll talk more about that in-depth a little later.

Red light therapy comprises both red light and infrared wavelengths, penetrating through the skin’s layers, right into the cells. Red light wavelengths boost collagen and elastin and improve cell communication. It penetrates superficially and helps aid various skin conditions. 

Near-infrared wavelengths stimulate healing, increase mitochondrial function, and improve blood flow and tissue oxygenation. Near-infrared wavelengths penetrate deeply into the body. 

Recharging Your Body From Within

At the core of your body’s healing capabilities are the mitochondria. The mitochondria play a vital role in your internal organs and tissue, including the liver, skin, heart, and muscles. It’s in charge of the body’s energy supply via ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

With both working together, they provide energy to our body and maintain the cell cycle and growth. This is why you’ll often hear the mitochondria referred to as the “powerhouse of the cell.”

Here's how the mitochondria is affected by red light:

1. LED light wavelengths from 600-800nm(red) and between 810-850nm(infrared) penetrate through the skin into the cells via a red light therapy device.

2. Light enters the cell's mitochondria, absorbed by chromophores which include EZ water and protein cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), resulting in stimulating activity.

3. Subsequently, three molecules are affected: Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP), Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), and Nitric Oxide (NO).

Interestingly, our body weight is made of 70% water, with 99% of our bodies' molecules also made of water, making it a powerful component in red light therapy treatment.

Research by Prof Gerald Pollock of the University of Washington proved that water adjacent to a cell is structured water, also known as EZ water. This specific water forms a separation of charge, functioning in the body as positive and negative poles - similar to a battery.

What Does “Red Light Therapy” Mean?

While we’ve been talking about red light therapy, what does it actually mean? Typically, “red light therapy” refers to natural light treatments which deliver red and near infrared waves as natural sunlight using LEDs or cold lasers. 

While you may think red light therapy includes all colours of light, it doesn’t. The term doesn’t include blue or white light, and it isn’t equivalent to full-spectrum light. Red light therapy doesn’t rely on heat, differentiating it from other light-based treatments such as infrared saunas and heat therapy. 

Red light therapy is also known as RLT, photobiomodulation (PBM), phototherapy, LED therapy, LED light therapy, infrared therapy, low-level laser therapy, or low-level light therapy (LLLT). 

As stated before, red light therapy works to heal the entire body and functions on multiple levels.

• Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
• Retrograde mitochondrial signalling
• Reactive oxygen species
• Water, opsins, chromophores, cytochrome c oxidase

• Melatonin
• Gene transcription factors
• Heat-shock proteins
• Akt/mTOR/CyclinD1 pathway
• Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

• Inflammation, Cytoprotection, Proliferation
• Protein synthesis
• Stem cell production and migration
• Immune cell viability
• Retrograde mitochondrial signalling
• Transforming growth factor
• Pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines
• Vascular endothelial
• Mitochondrial membrane potential

• Muscles:  Increase endurance, tone density
• Brain:      Improves cognition and immune
• Nerves:   Repair and pain relief
• Healing : Bones, tendons, and wounds
• Increases hair growth
• Improvement of the collagen network, anti-aging, skin disorders
• Fat re-absorption improved by enhanced micro-circulation
• Improved immunity and lymphatic system

Systemic Effects: Positive Effects on Bodily Systems

Red light therapy affects the body in multiple ways, including bodily systems:

Fascia

Fascia is the thin casing of connective tissue that surrounds virtually every organ, muscle, nerve fibre, blood vessel, and bone in place. While it performs as an internal structure for your body, the fascia also contains nerves, making it almost as sensitive as skin.

The fascia may look like a layer of tissue; however, it’s made up of interwoven layers of collagen and elastin fibres. The fascia is overlooked, yet over recent years, it has been the key to understanding how changes in one area of our body affect others. Red light therapy works to improve communication within the fascia network.

Gut-Brain Axis

The gut-brain axis connects the emotional and cognitive centres of the brain with peripheral intestinal functions. Recent research discovered the importance of gut microbiota concerning these interactions.

Red light therapy can positively influence mood and neuropsychological issues by the following:

• Reducing gut spasms and bowel inflammation.
• Increasing neurotransmitters, activating the brain’s immune system, thus increasing      blood flow and eliminating toxins.
• Reduce blood pressure and increase circulation to eliminate brain fog and      anxiety.
• Changes the vagus nerve, which connects the gut and brain. It plays a role in stress and social communication.
• Changes of the micro-biome.

Immune System

Red and near-infrared light penetrate through the skin into the cells, which results in low-dose metabolic stress that strengthens the cells’ anti-inflammatory and natural defence systems. In turn, the body becomes resilient to infections.

Safe and low exposure to red light therapy improves the body’s response to external viruses and bacteria. Red light therapy can influence the immune response in the following ways:

• Enhances proliferation, maturation, and motility of fibroblasts.
• Activates macrophages to behave as phagocytes.
• Increases production of fibroblast growth.
• Proliferation and activation of lymphocytes.
• Release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mast cell degranulation.
• Activation of mast cells results in reduced inflammation.

Circulatory System

Red light therapy is scientifically proven to increase the micro-circulation of blood and support the circulatory system as a whole by stimulating the development of new capillaries which carry oxygen throughout the body.

Proper oxygen supply and flow are essential for the proliferation of cells, protein synthesis, tissue restoration, inflammatory response, and angiogenesis. In addition, circulation is also responsible for waste elimination, specifically degenerated cells.

Nervous System

The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, neurons, and neural support cells, which is your body’s command centre. It controls your movements, automatic responses, and other body systems such as digestion and breathing.

Red light therapy affects the nervous system in the following ways:

• Releases growth factors.
• Increases the vascular network and collagen.
• Facilitates neural regeneration.
• Regenerates the nerve lesions and damaged nerves at a faster rate.
• Improves the electrophysiological function.
• Myelination of fibres.

For all forms of nerve damage, red light therapy offers non-pharmaceutical treatment options. 

Stem Cells

Red light therapy shows impressive results regarding stem cell growth, maximizing the potential of stem cell implantation for various medical needs. Therefore, red light therapy may show positive results after surgery to stimulate stem cells which repair tissues and organs.

In studies, red light therapy has proven to stimulate mesenchymal stem cells in bone marrow, enhancing their ability to reach the brain. This research shows the possibilities of using red light therapy to heal degenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, and dementia.

The Origins of Modern Red Light Therapy

It’s clear red light therapy provides multilevel treatment to the body, becoming a popular natural and holistic option for both professionals and consumers, but where did it come from? 

Light therapy technology isn’t new; it’s been around for decades as NASA experimented with red light therapy during the 1980s and 1990s. Over the past 10-20 years, red light therapy reached a breakthrough in LED lighting technology, allowing the production of safe and affordable clinical and at-home devices.

While there are endless benefits the body receives from red light therapy, here are the six main benefits.

Photobiomodulation, in other words, red light therapy, has proven effective against carpal tunnel syndrome, mucositis, neck pain, menstrual cramps, temporomandibular joint pain, and neuropathic pain from amputation. It also significantly reduces the pain of hypersensitivity while improving sensorimotor function.

These improvements come after anti-inflammatory cells populate the injured area, providing long-lasting pain relief. In addition, it’s also been shown to provide effective relief by affecting the following:

• Represses cyclooxygenase and prostaglandins.
• Activating peripheral opioid receptors.
• Increasing endorphins serotonin release.
• Stimulates the metabolism.
• Changes nerve transmission.

Red light therapy has proven to be highly effective in rapidly treating wounds from burns, scars, bedsores, ulcers, surgery incisions, and diabetic neuropathy.

NASA strongly supports this claim as this technology was used in treating wounds. Red and near-infrared light proves effective in all four phases of the wound-healing process:

• Coagulation
• Inflammation
• Migration
• Remodelling

These processes are regulated by various factors connected via nitric oxide (NO) signalling release, adjusted by light energy. 

An issue the body encounters when trying to heal a wound is low oxygen flow, and red light increases the flow of oxygen, speeding up the natural healing process. By reducing inflammation and increasing oxygenation of the wounded area, blood vessels can form, rapidly repairing the area, lessening pain and scarring. 

By reducing pain, red light therapy eliminates the reliant on pharmaceutical painkillers during the healing process.

The human body receives energy on the cellular level, maintaining communication between organs and ensuring disease resistance.

A strong immune system works to protect the body from harmful bacteria and viruses at all times. With red light therapy, the body receives a boost of support as it releases nitric oxide and melatonin, two components involved in DNA repair and antimicrobial.

This process is called hormesis. Red and near-infrared wavelengths penetrate through the skin into the cells, causing mild metabolic stress, which stimulates cells to activate their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant response.

With the support of red light therapy, the body is better prepared to fight infections. Numerous studies have proven red light therapy to have the following effects on the immune system:

• Improves melatonin production
• Increases NO levels
• Improves  antioxidant production
• Improves thyroid function
• Stimulates T cells pre-operatively
• Increases flow of neurotransmitters
• Boosts collagen and elastin production
• Encourages lymph node activity
• Enables the transportation of immune cells
• Stimulates  optimal function of cells and organelles

Inflammation in the body can be acute and topical (short-term, resulting from sprains, infections, and accidents) or chronic and general (long-term, caused by ongoing conditions).

Acute inflammation is a healthy bodily response; however, chronic and general inflammation can negatively impact long-term health.

As of today, the current treatment for inflammation is NSAID or steroid drugs, both having a detrimental effect on the healing process and long-term health. Red light therapy stimulates the body to activate its natural healing mechanism, reducing the health risks of long-term drug use.

Red light therapy decreases the number of inflammatory cells, increases fibroblast proliferation (cells that synthesize collagen and other matrix macromolecules), stimulates angiogenesis (creation of new blood vessels), and activates the body’s anti-inflammatory, antioxidant response.

The following conditions are connected with chronic and acute inflammation, all proving promising results with red light therapy treatment:

• Arthritis
• Asthma
• Sinusitis
• Muscular sprains
• Fibro-myalgia
• Neuro inflammatory disorders such as Alzheimer’s
• Irritable bowel syndrome and colitis
• Rheumatic conditions

Red light therapy is extremely popular in competitive sports and performance. It offers natural and non-pharmaceutical treatment, which applies to many areas of the body.

Aside from the overwhelming benefits on overall health, red light therapy encourages muscles growth and repair by stimulating the production of ATP, which aids in faster recovery and better performance.

Red light therapy used before training prepares and strengthens the body while aiding muscle recovery after training.

Here are the scientifically documented effects of red light therapy:

• Reducing  DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness)
• Enhanced  endurance and performance
• Increasing  sleep quality
• Improving  sexual function and libido (including Testosterone)
• Aiding weight loss
• Boosting cognitive function
• Reversing  skin aging
• Reducing  cellulite ‍

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a form of depressions, impacting 5% of Americans, specifically during the winter when there’s less natural sunlight. SAD is also known as seasonal depression or winter blues.

Many people treat SAD symptoms via bright white light treatment, mimicking the sun’s light daily. However, researchers recommend natural light treatment, like red light therapy, to help with light deficiency. Over recent years, physicians recommend red light therapy alongside psychotherapy and medication.

While many people are using red light therapy devices for at-home treatment, red light therapy systems are found in many clinical and professional settings:

Skincare Professionals: Red light therapy is a popular skincare treatment among Hollywood celebrities, including Kourtney Kardashian, Julia Roberts, and Emma Stone. Leading skincare professionals like dermatologists and aestheticians use red light therapy to help promote collagen production, reduce wrinkles, and treat skin conditions.

Health Practitioners: Health practitioners from all specialties are incorporating red light therapy into their practice. Dentists use it to reduce inflammation, physicians for mental health conditions, and oncologists for cancer side effects.

Natural Health Experts: Leading voices in the health and wellness industry such as Dr. Sarah Ballantyne, Ben Greenfield, and Dave Asprey strongly support the use of red light therapy. Paleo and Keto health experts like Robb Wolf, Mark Sisson, Luke Story, and Dr. Anthony Gustin also support red light therapy.

Sports Medicine Pros: The National Sports Association of Sports Medicine (NASM) adopted red light therapy to treat sports injuries. Top trainers and doctors, including Dr. Troy Van Biezen and Dr. Ara Suppiah, use red light therapy to heal their athletes.

Elite Pro Athletes: Professional athletes worldwide, including NFL stars like Patrick Peterson, UFC champion Anthony Pettis, and gold medal gymnast Sanne Weavers use red light therapy to enhance performance and quicken recovery.

Fitness & Training: World-renown fitness trainers, including Lacey Stone and Jorge Cruise, use red light therapy to enhance athletic performance and muscle recovery.

Supportive Cancer Care: The Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) recommends  the treatment of red light therapy for oral mucositis (OM), a common symptom of cancer treatment.

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Klepeis N., Nelson W., Ott W., Robinson J., Tsang A., Switzer P., Behar J., Hern S., Engelmann W. “The National Human Activity Pattern Survey (NHAPS): a resource for assessing exposure to environmental pollutants”. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 2001.

Hamblin M. “Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation.” AIMS Biophys. 2017.

LED Lights Used in Plant Growth Experiments for Deep Space Missions. NASA.

Gál P,  Stausholm MB, et al. Should open excisions and sutured incisions be treated differently? A review and meta-analysis of animal wound models following low-level laser therapy. Lasers in Medical Science. 2018 Aug.

John Foley, David B Vasily, et al. 830 nm light-emitting diode (led) phototherapy significantly reduced return-to-play in injured university athletes: a pilot study. Laser Therapy. 2016 Mar.

Kim HK, Choi JH. Effects of radiofrequency, electroacupuncture, and low-level laser therapy on the wrinkles and moisture content of the forehead, eyes, and cheek. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2017 February.

Wunsch A and Matuschka K. A Controlled Trial to Determine the Efficacy of Red and Near-Infrared Light Treatment in Patient Satisfaction, Reduction of Fine Lines, Wrinkles, Skin Roughness, and Intradermal Collagen Density Increase. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. Feb 2014.

Barolet D, Roberge CJ, et al. Regulation of skin collagen metabolism in vitro using a pulsed 660 nm LED light source: clinical correlation with a single-blinded study. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2009 December.

Morita T., Tokura H. “ Effects of lights of different color temperature on the nocturnal changes in core temperature and melatonin in humans” Journal of Physiological Anthropology. 1996, Sept.

Naeser M., Zafonte R, Krengel MH, Martin PI,  Frazier J, Hamblin MR, Knight JA, Meehan WP, Baker EH. “Significant improvements in cognitive performance post-transcranial, red/near-infrared light-emitting diode treatments in chronic, mild traumatic brain injury: open-protocol study”  Journal of Neurotrauma. 2014, June.

Liu KH, Liu D, et al. “Comparative effectiveness of low-level laser therapy for adult androgenic alopecia: a system review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.” Lasers in Medical Science. 2019 Aug.

Gupta AK, Mays RR, et al. “Efficacy of non-surgical treatments for androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.” JEADV. 2018 Dec.

Afifi L, Maranda EL, et al. “Low-level laser therapy as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia.” Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2017 Jan.

Hofling DB, Chavantes MC, et al. Low-level laser in the treatment of patients with hypothyroidism induced by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. May 2013.

Hofling DB, Chavantes MC, et al. Assessment of the effects of low-level laser therapy on the thyroid vascularization of patients with autoimmune hypothyroidism by color Doppler ultrasound. ISRN Endocrinology. 2012.

Hofling DB, Chavantes MC, et al. Low-level laser therapy in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis: a pilot study. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 2010 Aug.

Vladimirovich Moskvin S., Ivanovich Apolikhin O. Effectiveness of low level laser therapy for treating male infertility. Biomedicine (Taipei). 2018 June.

Ban Frangez H., Frangez I., Verdenik I., Jansa V., Virant Klun I. Photobiomodulation with light-emitting diodes improves sperm motility in men with asthenozoospermia. Laser in Medical Science, 2015 Jan.

Salman Yazdi, R., Bakhshi, S., Jannat Alipoor, F. et al. Effect of 830-nm diode laser irradiation on human sperm motility. Lasers Med Sci. 2014.

Chow KW, Preece D, Burns MW. Effect of red light on optically trapped spermatozoa. Biomedical Optics Express. 2017 Aug.

Preece D., Chow KW, Gomez-Godinez V., Gustafson K., et al. Red light improves spermatozoa motility and does not induce oxidative DNA damage. Scientific Reports. 2017 Apr.

American Psychiatric Association

Cassano P, Petrie SR, et al. Transcranial Photobiomodulation for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder. The ELATED-2 Pilot Trial. Photomedicine and Laser Surgery. 2018 October.

Barrett DW, et al. Transcranial infrared laser stimulation produces beneficial cognitive and emotional effects in humans. 2013 Jan.

Blanco NJ, Maddox WT, Gonzalez-Lima F. Improving executive function using transcranial infrared laser stimulation. Journal of Neuropsychology. 2017 Mar.

Paolillo FR, Borghi-Silva A, et al. New treatment of cellulite with infrared-LED illumination applied during high-intensity treadmill training. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2011 Aug;13(4):166-71.

Caruso-Davis MK, Guillot TS, Podichetty VK, Mashtalir N, Dhurandhar NV, Dubuisson O, Yu Y. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for body contouring and spot fat reduction. Obes Surg. 2011. Jun;21(6):722-9.

Jackson RF, Dedo DD, Roche GC, et al. Low-level laser therapy as a non-invasive approach for body contouring: a randomized, controlled study. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. Dec 2009;41(10):99-809.

McRae E and Boris J. Independent evaluation of low-level laser therapy at 635 nm for non-invasive body contouring of the waist, hips, and thighs. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. Jan 2013.

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by Diana Schoutsen August 1, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune, demyelinating inflammatory disease of the nervous system. It might be difficult to figure out how to live with this incurable condition and the obstacles it presents. Treatment typically focuses on managing the symptoms of MS.

As reported by neurology.org, “MS is the most common progressive neurologic disease in young adults worldwide. In the United States, roughly 300,000–400,000 American adults have MS.”

The exact cause of MS is unclear. MS is thought to be caused by an interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Geographical location is also a variable that influences the etiology of Multiple sclerosis. In a 2012 review published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences, researchers looked at different locations of the world with higher MS prevalence to see what they had in common. Persons who live in colder climates have greater risks of developing MS. With that said, research suggests that there is a significant correlation between low sunlight exposure and developing MS.

Understanding Multiple Sclerosis  

According to the National MS Society “MS involves an immune-mediated process in which an abnormal response of the body’s immune system is directed against the central nervous system (CNS).” Its target on the myelin that surrounds nerve fibers causes a slew of neurologic symptoms -  unless something prevents the attack or accelerates the repair. Scientists continue to and are committed to finding breakthrough therapies.

Multiple sclerosis symptoms can manifest itself  in a variety of ways and can affect any region of the body. Symptoms can be unpredictable, grow and worsen over time, and come and go for others, significantly impacting a person’s quality of life.

‘Relapses are defined as periods in which symptoms worsen. Remissions are periods of time when symptoms improve or disappear’ (NHS 2022). The following are some of the most common symptoms:

·  fatigue

·  vision problems

·  numbness and tingling

·  muscle spasms, stiffness and weakness

·  mobility problems

·  problems with thinking, learning and planning

·  depression and anxiety

·  sexual problems

·  bladder problems

·  bowel problems

·   Speech and swallowing difficulties

People with MS may also experience stabbing pain caused by improper sensory neurons signals emanating from the nerves as a result of MS lesions throughout the central nervous system.

Red and near-infrared (NIR) light deficiency

With restricted sun exposure during the last few generations, modern societies have transitioned to spending more time indoors. As a result, we've created light deficits, which are wreaking havoc on our health and well-being.

As the sun provides us with full-spectrum light, which includes various wavelengths that we can't see, we only get a limited range of red and near-infrared light. It is the red and NIR light (in the mid 600 nm and min 800 nm) that is clinically beneficial. Natural sunlight is a necessary component for our health, and receiving the optimum dosage is fundamental. It is quite remarkable to discover what these wavelengths can do inside our bodies—specifically, how our cells use them to produce more energy. Learn more about how to get the most out of red light therapy and understand the difference between red vs near-infrared light.

The power of Red Light Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis

Existing treatments for MS are partially effective and can have adverse side effects. Managing MS is an ongoing process, beginning with the very first symptoms and continuing throughout the disease course. It's worth noting that the majority of scientific evidence is investigating how long-term exposure to visible and infrared light can help people with multiple sclerosis.

Red light therapy can be a helpful therapeutic approach to help ease and support your health and has been used in clinical settings to treat inflammation and stimulate ATP production as well as tissue healing. Broadly speaking, red light therapy has been known for its positive effects on autoimmune diseases that originate in inflammation such as MS.

A review in the European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine compiled the results of many studies surrounding red light therapy, also known as Lower Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and MS. The research found that low level laser therapy significantly decreases pain in adults with varying MS disorders.

Red Light Therapy and MS Research

Typical MS treatments aim to reduce the damage caused by T-cells, which are drawn to specific areas of the central nervous system by proteins known as cytokines. There are recurrent episodes of T cell-mediated immunological assault on myelin in the central nervous system causing eventual impairment. Red Light therapy has the potential to reduce these cytokines.

This 2016 article titled, “Low-level laser therapy ameliorates disease progression in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis”, stated the following: “histological analysis showed that LLLT blocked neuroinflammation through a reduction of inflammatory cells in the CNS, especially lymphocytes, as well as preventing demyelination in the spinal cord after EAE induction. Together, our results suggest the use of LLLT as a therapeutic application during autoimmune neuroinflammatory responses, such as MS.” (Gonçalves ED, et al., 2016). This review demonstrated that a couple of treatments of low-level laser therapy have significantly slowed down the advancement of the disease and lessened brain cell death.

An article titled, “Light therapy to treat autoimmune disease,” stated the following in regards to Photobiomodulation, which is another term for red light therapy:

“Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy, using far red/near IR (FR/NIR) laser light (630–1000nm), offers promise as an effective treatment for chronic inflammation and neurodegeneration. One hypothesis to explain the PBM mechanism describes mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) as a photoreceptor for FR/NIR light. Absorption of the light by CcO leads to restoration of mitochondrial induction of gene transcription. The outcome of photobiomodulation is the down-regulation of pro-inflammatory processes, up-regulation of anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and restoration of physiology.” (Jeri-Anne Lyons, 2015)

According to the authors, “Effect of photobiomodulation treatment in the sublingual, radial artery region, and along the spinal column in individuals with multiple sclerosis: Protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial,” Photobiomodulation demonstrated in vitro and in vivo to be an effective treatment modality for inflammatory diseases such as MS.

Additionally, it was noted that, “NIR light heals by ensuring that cytochrome oxidase binds with oxygen to turn on protectors and stimulate cell metabolism,” (MDB, 2013) offering neuroprotective treatment.

As seen in this 2017 randomized controlled trial, red light therapy provided relief from MS-related fatigue and is one of the most common symptoms experienced by people with MS.

Although the scientific literature on the correlation between red light therapy and MS is fairly new, scientists are optimistic that red and near-infrared light will be useful significantly more in future treatment of autoimmune disorders. The studies indicate that it may very well be beneficial in human MS individuals. Ultimately, further research is needed. However, this does not rule out the possibility of including it as a symptom-managing modality for people with MS.

For people struggling with MS, red light therapy may provide notable therapeutic support.

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Hamblin MR. Shining light on the head: Photobiomodulation for brain disorders. BBA Clin. 2016;6:113-124. Published 2016 Oct 1. doi:10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.09.002

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Website Information Sources- With Thanks to

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https://mitolight.co.uk/science-effects/